Category Archives: Philippians

Some people have the idea that the world owes them a living. Instead of being grateful for what they have, or for what people do for them, they regard what they are given as merely receiving what is theirs by right. This attitude is in sharp contrast to that of the Apostle Paul. In chapter 4, verses 10 through 20 of his inspired letter to the followers of Christ at Philippi he writes, “But I rejoice in the Lord greatly, that now at length you have revived your thought for me; in which you did indeed take thought, but you lacked opportunity. Not that I speak in respect to lack, for I have learned in whatever state I am, to be content in it. I know how to be humbled, and I know also how to abound. In everything and in all things I have learned the secret both to be filled and to be hungry, both to abound and to be in need. I can do all things through Christ, who strengthens me. However you did well that you shared in my affliction. You yourselves also know, you Philippians, that in the beginning of the Good News, when I departed from Macedonia, no assembly shared with me in the matter of giving and receiving but you only. For even in Thessalonica you sent once and again to my need. Not that I seek for the gift, but I seek for the fruit that increases to your account. But I have all things, and abound. I am filled, having received from Epaphroditus the things that came from you, a sweet-smelling fragrance, an acceptable and well-pleasing sacrifice to God. My God will supply every need of yours according to his riches in glory in Christ Jesus. Now to our God and Father be the glory forever and ever! Amen.”

In this section of his letter, Paul thanks the people at Philippi for remembering him. As an expression of their concern, they had sent Paul a gift. If the people at Philippi had not sent a gift, would it mean that they were not concerned about Paul and the difficulties he was going through? Not at all! They were concerned but had not had the opportunity to show their concern. There is an important lesson here. We should never judge someone merely by external appearances. Concern cannot be measured by whether we receive something from someone, or by how much they give us. In another place Paul writes, “For if the readiness is there, it is acceptable according to what you have, not according to what you don’t have.” (2 Corinthians 8:12) Jesus highly praised a widow for giving all she had even though her gift was monetarily insignificant. Scripture indicates that the followers of Christ in Philippi were, like the widow Christ commended, extremely poor. (See 2 Corinthians 8:2) In spite of their poverty, Paul says that they had repeatedly sent gifts to him.

We do not know how much the followers of Christ at Philippi gave Paul. Since they were poor, it may have been a relatively small amount. Perhaps they were afraid that their gift would not be enough to meet Paul’s needs. Paul assures them that they need not worry about his financial situation. He had learned to be content in every situation, whether he had much or little. How does our attitude compare with that of Paul’s? Are we content only when someone gives us something? Can we be content in spite of being in need? How can one be content in spite of hunger, want or poverty? Paul gives the answer when he writes, “I can do all things through Christ, who strengthens me.” (4:13) The secret is not rely on our own strength and abilities. Nor is it to depend on others. We will be empowered to meet any situation, and to be content in whatever circumstances we face to the degree that we rely on Christ. Contentment does not depend on circumstances, but on our confidence in Christ. The Apostle Peter writes, “…his divine power has granted to us all things that pertain to life and godliness, through the knowledge of him who called us by his own glory and virtue…” (2 Peter 1:3) If we are not content; if we feel that we do not have what we need in this life, it is an indication that we do not yet know Christ as we should.

Though Paul was grateful for what the followers of Christ at Philippi had given him, his focus was not on the gift but, rather, the people who had given the gift. He accepted the gift, not to gratify his own desires, but for the sake of the givers. He wanted them to receive God’s blessing for being generous. He likens their gift to a “sweet-smelling fragrance, an acceptable and well-pleasing sacrifice to God.” (4:18) There are times when we do not wish to accept a gift. Perhaps we already have enough. Perhaps the one giving the gift is more needy than we. Even so, we must be careful not to make the giver feel as though his offering to God is of no account.

Another lesson we can learn from Paul is in regard to financial accountability. In this passage he uses several phrases which refer to commercial or financial transactions. By his use of language it is apparent that even though Paul was an Apostle, and what he received was given as a gift, he still felt obligated to account for it. In verse 18 the phrase which is translated “I have all things, and abound” (NIV, “I have received full payment”) actually means “paid in full” At the time Paul wrote, this phrase was used on receipts. In other words, Paul was giving the people of Philippi a receipt for what they had given. He was telling them that he would use the gift for the purpose it was intended. The gift would be used for God’s glory. Paul also assured the people that because they have given sacrificially in order to bring glory to God, God in turn would meet their needs.

Paul closes his letter with these words, “Greet every saint in Christ Jesus. The brothers who are with me greet you. All the saints greet you, especially those who are of Caesar’s household. The grace of the Lord Jesus Christ be with you all. Amen.” (4:21-23)

One of the things Paul stresses throughout this letter is unity. In his closing he extends his personal greetings to each and every one of the followers of Christ at Philippi. He does not single anyone out by name, nor does he overlook anyone. He asks God’s blessing upon all. Paul also reminds the people in Philippi that they are not alone, by passing on the greetings of Christ’s followers who were with him. He also conveys the greetings of the believers in Caesar’s household. In Christ, all are one whether we live in poverty or whether we live in the palace of the king.

Paul ends his letter in the same way he began it – with a prayer that each one of the people to whom he is writing experience grace. Throughout the letter he has also emphasized joy. Grace and joy; these can be ours only through knowing and following Jesus Christ. Do you know Him?

One of the most difficult lessons in life can be how to get along with other people. We perceive things differently, we think differently, we have different ways of doing things. We think that we know best. Getting along with one another can be difficult even for the followers of Christ. In his inspired letter to the followers of Christ at Philippi, the Apostle Paul tells us how to overcome our differences so that we can live harmony. In chapter 4, verses 2 through 3 he writes, “I exhort Euodia, and I exhort Syntyche, to think the same way in the Lord. Yes, I beg you also, true yokefellow, help these women, for they labored with me in the Good News, with Clement also, and the rest of my fellow workers, whose names are in the book of life.”

The first step in getting along with a fellow believer is to recognize that we have much in common. Paul urges Euodia and Syntyche to agree in the Lord. Both of these women were followers of Christ. If Christ is our Lord, then we do not belong to ourselves. We should be able to set aside our own desires in deference to His will. In addition, Paul writes that both of these women had helped him in spreading the gospel. When we share the same goal, we should be able to cooperate in achieving it. The names of these women were also in the “book of life.” This is a reference to the judgment, when we will stand before God to give an account for what we have done. According to Scripture, those whose names are not found in the “book of life” will be thrown into hell. (Revelation 20:12-15) It is important to note that our names are not written in the “book of life” because of righteous acts which we perform, but because of putting our faith in Jesus Christ. In any case, if we are going to spend eternity with someone, we ought to be able to get along with him or her now. There is no shame in admitting, however, that we are not always capable, on our own, of getting along with someone. Sometimes we need help. This is why Paul asked that aid be given to these two ladies. One of the reasons that the followers of Christ regularly gather together is to encourage and help one another.

It is one thing to say that we should get along together and quite another to actually be reconciled. What, then, are the keys to reconciliation? In verses 4 through 9 Paul writes, “Rejoice in the Lord always! Again I will say, “Rejoice!” Let your gentleness be known to all men. The Lord is at hand. In nothing be anxious, but in everything, by prayer and petition with thanksgiving, let your requests be made known to God. And the peace of God, which surpasses all understanding, will guard your hearts and your thoughts in Christ Jesus. Finally, brothers, whatever things are true, whatever things are honorable, whatever things are just, whatever things are pure, whatever things are lovely, whatever things are of good report; if there is any virtue, and if there is any praise, think about these things. The things which you learned, received, heard, and saw in me: do these things, and the God of peace will be with you.”

In this passage, Paul gives several practical instructions which will help the followers of Christ to be reconciled and to get along with one another. The first of these instructions is to rejoice. This is a repetition of the instruction he had already given in chapter 3, verse 1. Throughout this letter Paul has stressed the importance of joy. Perhaps one reason is that it is very difficult to be angry with someone or to become discouraged while you are full of joy. Notice, however, that the joy Paul is talking about is joy in the Lord. When we think about the wonderful things God has done for us, and is doing for us, in Christ it puts the problems and annoyances of this life into perspective.

Another thing Paul instructs is to “let your gentleness be known to all.” (4:5) The word which is translated ‘gentleness’ refers to having the kind of spirit which is gracious and reasonable; the kind of spirit which does not demand rights, but is willing to concede them. It is easier to get along with other people when we are willing to put their desires above our own. If we were to display this kind of spirit, however, wouldn’t people take advantage of us? Paul dispels this concern by reminding his readers that, “The Lord is at hand.” (4:5) Christ is not only watching what is going on, but is also there to comfort, guide, protect and to fight on our behalf. Since Christ is near, we can rest assured that He will see that our rights are safe-guarded. We need not be concerned.

A third thing Paul instructs is, “In nothing be anxious…” (4:6) Often, we become ill-tempered when we are anxious and full of worry. Then, we lash out at others. At first, it may seem as though Paul has given an impossible command. How can anyone stop being anxious? Paul gives the answer when he writes that we should take everything to God in prayer. It can be said that anxiety is actually a lack of faith. If we belong to God; if we believe that He loves us; if we believe that He is all-powerful, then we should also have confidence that God will take care of us through whatever problems we are facing. As the Apostle Peter writes in another Scripture, “Cast all your anxiety on him because he cares for you.” (1 Peter 5:7 NIV) When we bring our troubles to God in prayer, we are turning control over to Him. There is, however, an important condition. Paul writes that we are to present our requests to God with thanksgiving. (4:6) Why should God do more for us if we are not thankful for what He has already done for us? When we bring our problems to God with thankful hearts, then He will guard our hearts and minds with His peace. (4:7)

The next key to living in harmony with other people is to be careful what we think about. We will mention only 3 of the qualities Paul lists. He writes that we should think about whatever is true. (4:8) Often we start to think ill of someone only to find out that what we have been told about them is not true, or that we do not have all the facts. Paul says to think about what is just (NIV “right”). There are many things which are not our business. It will help us get along with others if we refrain from poking our noses into places they don’t belong. Paul writes that we should think about things which are lovely. It other words, we are not to think about things which will result in bitterness or hostility. Paul sums up by saying that our thoughts should be about those things which are excellent and praiseworthy. If we are always thinking about what is good in others, it will be much easier to live in harmony with them.

There is another key to living in agreement with each other. In chapter 3, verse 17, Paul had instructed those to whom he is writing to follow his own example. In verse 9 of chapter four he instructs the followers of Christ to not only follow his example, but also to put into practice the things he has taught. The result of putting these things into practice is that the God of peace will be with us. If we do not have peace, whether with God or with other people, we need to ask ourselves whether we are being obedient to the teaching and the example of the Apostles.

Most of us have desires which have not been met, but what is it that we want? Many want more things. They think that happiness depends on material possessions or wealth. But wealth does not satisfy. Solomon wrote, “ He who loves silver shall not be satisfied with silver; nor he who loves abundance, with increase: this also is vanity.” (Ecclesiastes 5:10) Other people crave fame or power and are willing to pay a terrible price to get it. In the end, though, power or position has little value. As Jesus said, “For what does it profit a man if he gains the whole world, and loses or forfeits his own self?” (Luke 9:25)

The Apostle Paul also had desires. He, too, was willing to make great efforts to obtain what he wanted. But the things he desired were very different from what most people want. In chapter 3, verses 10 through 11 of his inspired letter to the Philippians he writes: “that I may know him, and the power of his resurrection, and the fellowship of his sufferings, becoming conformed to his death; if by any means I may attain to the resurrection from the dead.”

Because of these statements, some have concluded that Paul was seeking martyrdom. Some might even think that Paul regarded martyrdom as a good deed which would earn him eternal life. Let there be no mistake about this. Paul is not seeking to earn eternal life, nor is he expressing any doubt about whether he will be raised from the dead. While dying for Christ is not excluded from what Paul is saying, there is a broader meaning. Elsewhere he writes, “…don’t you know that all we who were baptized into Christ Jesus were baptized into his death? We were buried therefore with him through baptism to death, that just like Christ was raised from the dead through the glory of the Father, so we also might walk in newness of life. For if we have become united with him in the likeness of his death, we will also be part of his resurrection; knowing this, that our old man was crucified with him, that the body of sin might be done away with, so that we would no longer be in bondage to sin. For he who has died has been freed from sin. But if we died with Christ, we believe that we will also live with him;” (Romans 6:3-8)

In order to live with Christ, we must first die with him in baptism. Just as God’s power raised Christ from death, His power gives new life to those who have been baptized into Christ. What Paul is saying, though, is that being baptized into Christ’s death is only a beginning. Knowing Christ and dying to sin is an ongoing process. In verses 12 through 14 he writes “Not that I have already obtained, or am already made perfect; but I press on, if it is so that I may take hold of that for which also I was taken hold of by Christ Jesus. Brothers, I don’t regard myself as yet having taken hold, but one thing I do. Forgetting the things which are behind, and stretching forward to the things which are before, I press on toward the goal for the prize of the high calling of God in Christ Jesus.”

In these verses Paul likens the Christian life to a race. In order to win the prize it is necessary to finish the race. The blessings of heaven await, but we cannot receive them if we abandon living for Christ. Similarly, no one ever won a race by looking backwards. We must turn away from whatever is in our past and keep our eyes on the goal. In another place Scripture says, “…let us… lay aside every weight and the sin which so easily entangles us, and let us run with patience the race that is set before us, looking to Jesus, the author and perfecter of faith, who for the joy that was set before him endured the cross, despising its shame, and has sat down at the right hand of the throne of God.” (Hebrews 12:1-2)

Running a race can be difficult. We get tired. There may be obstacles in our way. We can be tempted to quit. In verses 15 and 16 Paul gives two important principles which can help us continue on. He writes, “ Let us therefore, as many as are perfect, think this way. If in anything you think otherwise, God will also reveal that to you. Nevertheless, to the extent that we have already attained, let us walk by the same rule. Let us be of the same mind.”

We need to understand that God wants us to succeed. We may not be able understand everything on our own. If we are trying to live for Christ, however, God will reveal to us what we need to know in order to do so. Secondly, while we should never allow the sins and mistakes of the past to hinder us in moving forward, past victories and accomplishments can motivate us to keep going. If we have been given new life in Christ, we are not the same as we were before. We have made progress. Difficulties have been overcome. While we, like Paul, have not yet attained full perfection, we are more Christlike than we once were. Do we wish to throw it all away by giving up?

But how can we go forward? How do we know which is the right path to follow? Paul gives the answer in verse 17, “Brothers, be imitators together of me, and note those who walk this way, even as you have us for an example.”

From this we see that we need the fellowship of like-minded people who will help us run our race. We shouldn’t try to do it on our own. Scripture says, “Let us consider how to provoke one another to love and good works, not forsaking our own assembling together, as the custom of some is, but exhorting one another; and so much the more, as you see the Day approaching.” (Hebrews 10:24-25) A second thing which we must do is to follow Paul’s example. If we want to know how to live our lives for Christ, what better example could we have than those of His Apostles? This is one reason why it is important to study and know what is written in the New Testament, for it is in these Scriptures that we find the teaching of the Apostles and learn about their lives.

Paul next draws a contrast between those who have chosen not to live for Christ and those who have. In verses 18 through chapter 4, verse 1 he writes, “ For many walk, of whom I told you often, and now tell you even weeping, as the enemies of the cross of Christ, whose end is destruction, whose god is the belly, and whose glory is in their shame, who think about earthly things. For our citizenship is in heaven, from where we also wait for a Savior, the Lord Jesus Christ; who will change the body of our humiliation to be conformed to the body of his glory, according to the working by which he is able even to subject all things to himself. Therefore, my brothers, beloved and longed for, my joy and crown, so stand firm in the Lord, my beloved.”

All of us need to ask ourselves whether our minds are on earthly things, or whether we are longing for heaven and eagerly waiting for our Savior. Are we standing firm in the Lord?

One of the most important questions a person faces is how to obtain salvation. If one were able to live a completely sinless life, the question would not arise. But Scripture is very clear that Jesus is the only one who was ever able to avoid sinning. All the rest of us do sin. How, then, does one obtain salvation in spite of being a sinner? Is it by living a ‘good’ life? Is it by doing works of merit? Do we escape hell by having the right ancestry? The Apostle Paul addresses these questions in his inspired letter to the followers of Christ at Philippi. In chapter 3, verses 1 through 9, he writes:

“Finally, my brothers, rejoice in the Lord. To write the same things to you, to me indeed is not tiresome, but for you it is safe. Beware of the dogs, beware of the evil workers, beware of the false circumcision. For we are the circumcision, who worship God in the Spirit, and rejoice in Christ Jesus, and have no confidence in the flesh; though I myself might have confidence even in the flesh. If any other man thinks that he has confidence in the flesh, I yet more: circumcised the eighth day, of the stock of Israel, of the tribe of Benjamin, a Hebrew of Hebrews; concerning the law, a Pharisee; concerning zeal, persecuting the assembly; concerning the righteousness which is in the law, found blameless. However, what things were gain to me, these have I counted loss for Christ. Yes most certainly, and I count all things to be loss for the excellency of the knowledge of Christ Jesus, my Lord, for whom I suffered the loss of all things, and count them nothing but refuse, that I may gain Christ and be found in him, not having a righteousness of my own, that which is of the law, but that which is through faith in Christ, the righteousness which is from God by faith;”

Paul tells those to whom he is writing to “rejoice in the Lord.” (3:1) From this we learn, that whatever their background, or whatever circumstances they may be in, the followers of Christ have assurance. While those who do not follow Christ have no guarantee of salvation, those who have made Him their Lord need not have any anxiety about whether they are acceptable to God.

While the follower of Christ need not be anxious about salvation, Paul says that what he writes is a safeguard. This why it is so important to keep reading and studying the inspired writings of the Apostles. There are many false teachers, but by comparing what they say to the teaching of the Apostles, we will be able to recognize them for what they are. We must never forget that what is written in the Bible is the standard by which we must judge every teaching or doctrine.

When Paul urges the people to beware of “dogs” and “the false circumcision” (NIV, “mutilators of the flesh”) (3:2) he is referring to those Jewish teachers who taught that it is necessary for the followers of Christ to also obey the Law of Moses. They made the mistake of putting their faith in the rituals and customs of the Law, rather than God who had given the Law. The true people of God, however, cannot be identified by some physical mark or by the rituals they perform. As Jesus said, “…the hour comes, and now is, when the true worshipers will worship the Father in spirit and truth, for the Father seeks such to be his worshipers. God is spirit, and those who worship him must worship in spirit and truth.” (John 4:23-24) Paul points out that it is not those who are Jews by birth, but the followers of Christ whom God considers the circumcision. Speaking of Christ, Paul writes in another place, “in whom you were also circumcised with a circumcision not made with hands, in the putting off of the body of the sins of the flesh, in the circumcision of Christ; having been buried with him in baptism, in which you were also raised with him through faith in the working of God, who raised him from the dead.” (Colossians 2:11-12)

Paul uses himself as an illustration of someone who, one would think, possessed all the qualifications for being acceptable to God. He was “circumcised on the eighth day”. In other words, right from his birth, his family had done to him exactly what the Law of Moses required. He was “of the stock of Israel,” the people whom God had chosen above all other peoples on the earth through whom to fulfill His plan for mankind. He was “of the tribe of Benjamin.” This was one of the tribes which remained faithful to the royal house of king David and to God while the majority of the Israelites not only rebelled, but went into idolatry. He was “a Hebrew of Hebrews.” In other words, there was no taint of foreign blood in his lineage. He was “a Pharisee.” The Pharisees were the Jewish sect which had the highest regard for the Law of Moses. They bound themselves to not only follow everything which is written in the Torah but, also, all of the traditions which had been added to the Law. Paul says in another place that he studied under the famous Pharisee teacher Gamaliel (Acts 22:3) and that he advanced in Judaism beyond those of his own age. (Galatians 1:14) Paul was so zealous for God that he set about persecuting the church. He did this, not because his motives were evil, but because they were good. He could not tolerate anything which he perceived as being contrary to, or polluting, God’s Law. In short, Paul writes, in terms of legalistic righteousness he was “blameless” (NIV,“faultless”). He had all the advantages: the right lineage, birth, religion, place in society, teaching and achievements.

When Paul measured all he had against God’s expectations, however, he realized that his attainments and privileges were worth nothing. They were rubbish. What, from a human point of view, appeared to be advantages were actually a loss. God demands perfection and no matter how hard we strive, we can never attain it on our own. Position, privilege and human achievement can even be a detriment to obtaining salvation. The reason this is so, is that any attempt to earn salvation by our own efforts is self-centered. By definition, God must be all.

Paul clearly states that all of his qualifications and works of righteousness were not enough. Most of us have far fewer qualifications than he. If his righteousness was inadequate, then where are we? What is the answer to obtaining salvation? The answer is Jesus Christ. It is not our own righteousness, but that of Christ which will save us. He, the only sinless one, died on our behalf so that we can be declared righteous in spite of our shortcomings. We obtain this righteousness, not by our deeds but, by faith. If we die to ourselves in repentance and are buried with Christ in baptism, we will also share in Christ’s resurrection. In another place Paul writes, “ I have been crucified with Christ, and it is no longer I that live, but Christ living in me. That life which I now live in the flesh, I live by faith in the Son of God, who loved me, and gave himself up for me.” (Galatians 2:20) Are you willing to die with Christ so that you might live in Christ?

When we are separated from those we love, it is only natural to be concerned about how they are. On the other hand, when we are going through trouble, we are tempted to think that no one cares about us. In both of these situations, an encouraging letter or a visit from a concerned friend can be a tremendous boost to our morale. In view of this, the Apostle Paul writes in chapter 2, verses 19 through 30 of his letter to the followers of Christ at Philippi:

“But I hope in the Lord Jesus to send Timothy to you soon, that I also may be cheered up when I know how you are doing. For I have no one else like-minded, who will truly care about you. For they all seek their own, not the things of Jesus Christ. But you know the proof of him, that, as a child serves a father, so he served with me in furtherance of the Good News. Therefore I hope to send him at once, as soon as I see how it will go with me. But I trust in the Lord that I myself also will come shortly. But I counted it necessary to send to you Epaphroditus, my brother, fellow worker, fellow soldier, and your apostle and servant of my need; since he longed for you all, and was very troubled, because you had heard that he was sick. For indeed he was sick, nearly to death, but God had mercy on him; and not on him only, but on me also, that I might not have sorrow on sorrow. I have sent him therefore the more diligently, that, when you see him again, you may rejoice, and that I may be the less sorrowful. Receive him therefore in the Lord with all joy, and hold such in honor, because for the work of Christ he came near to death, risking his life to supply that which was lacking in your service toward me.”

Paul writes that he is sending Timothy. Timothy was a young man whom Paul had met on his second missionary journey. Paul was so impressed by his faith and dedication that he took him as a helper and trained him as an evangelist. Two of the inspired letters in the New Testament are addressed to him. Timothy was with Paul when he established the church at Philippi, so it was fitting for Paul to send him as a messenger to Philippi. It was especially appropriate as Timothy had a genuine interest in the welfare of the people at Philippi.

Paul equates being concerned about the people at Philippi with being concerned about the things of Christ. If we are truly interested in the things of Christ, we will also be interested in the welfare of His people. In chapter 2, verse 4, Paul had already exhorted the people to whom he is writing to look out for the interests of others rather than their own. In the very next verse he told them to have the attitude of Christ who emptied Himself and became a servant so He could die on our behalf. The spirit of Christ is one of self-sacrifice. Do we put the interests of others ahead of our own?

It is one thing to claim to have the interests of others at heart, it is another to demonstrate it. There was no question about Timothy, however. Paul writes that he had served as a son serves his father in spreading the gospel. The people at Philippi were, themselves, witnesses of Timothy’s dedication and genuine concern.

Another person whom Paul commends is Epaphroditus. This man had been sent by the church in Philippi with gifts to meet Paul’s needs while in prison. Paul not only reminds the people at Philippi of Epaphroditus’ work and his loyalty, but calls him his brother. Why would Paul feel the need to stress this? It appears that the church at Philippi intended Epaphroditus to help Paul indefinitely, or on a permanent basis, and were supporting him so he could do so. If this is the case, they would naturally question why Paul was sending him back. Had he done something wrong? Was he unsuited to do the work? Was he cowardly? Paul puts all of these speculations to rest. He not only holds Epaphroditus in the highest regard, but urges the followers of Christ at Philippi to do so as well.

Why, then, did Paul send Epaphroditus back to Philippi? Since Paul was in jail, it is obvious that he could not go himself. Similarly, though Paul was hoping to send Timothy soon, there apparently was some task or responsibility which prevented him from going immediately. In these circumstances, Epaphroditus was the logical person to go, especially since he was from Philippi. In addition, it seems that Epaphroditus was homesick. Paul writes, “…he longed for all of you…” (2:26) He not only had a very close relationship with Paul, but had such a feeling of love for those he had left at Philippi that it distressed him to be away from them. His distress was not merely personal, however. It was increased by the knowledge that his loved ones at home had heard about his illness. His desire to spare them anxiety increased his own distress.

Perhaps the most important reason for sending Epaphroditus back was his health. It seems that he had performed whatever task Paul had assigned him with such zeal and determination that it broke his health. His illness was so severe that it almost killed him. Paul was anxious not only to reassure the church at Philippi that Epaphroditus had recovered, but also to prevent his illness from recurring.

Before going forward it is necessary to make something clear. Paul refers to Epaphroditus as his “fellow soldier.” (2:25) Some people have the idea that the way to spread our faith is through the sword. But when Paul uses the metaphor of a soldier that is not what he has in mind. In Ephesians 6:12 he writes, “For our wrestling is not against flesh and blood, but against the principalities, against the powers, against the world’s rulers of the darkness of this age, and against the spiritual forces of wickedness in the heavenly places.” In another place he says, “For though we walk in the flesh, we don’t wage war according to the flesh; for the weapons of our warfare are not of the flesh, but mighty before God to the throwing down of strongholds, throwing down imaginations and every high thing that is exalted against the knowledge of God, and bringing every thought into captivity to the obedience of Christ.” (2 Corinthians 10:3-5) So, when Paul calls Epaphroditus a soldier, he does not mean that he was prepared to fight a physical battle but, rather, a spiritual one. A true follower of Christ never takes up arms in order to spread his religion.

Paul writes that Epaphroditus and people like him are worthy of honor. The reason is that he risked his life on behalf of the gospel. The word which Paul uses is a gambling term. In order to serve Christ, Epaphroditus staked his own life. Many people want honor, but are they willing to put it all on the line for Christ like Epaphroditus did?

Words are powerful. They can wound and hurt. They can soothe and comfort. They can embolden and stir people to action. It is because words are so powerful that we must be very careful to say and write only what is good and true. Jesus said, “I tell you that every idle word that men speak, they will give account of it in the day of judgment. For by your words you will be justified, and by your words you will be condemned.” (Matthew 12:36-37) In harmony with this teaching, the apostle Paul wrote “Let no corrupt speech proceed out of your mouth, but such as is good for building up as the need may be, that it may give grace to those who hear.” (Ephesians 4:29)

Though words are powerful, talk is cheap. It is not enough to merely say that we believe something, we must also act on our convictions. It is not enough for us to merely call ourselves Christ’s followers. If we really belong to Him, we must live according to His teaching. Jesus said, “Why do you call me, ‘Lord, Lord,’ and don’t do the things which I say?” (Luke 6:46)

The apostle Paul emphasizes this principle in his letter to the followers of Christ at Philippi. After reminding them that God has exalted Jesus to the highest place and given Jesus His own title, that is, ‘Lord,’ Paul writes in verses 12 through 18 of chapter 2, “So then, my beloved, even as you have always obeyed, not only in my presence, but now much more in my absence, work out your own salvation with fear and trembling. For it is God who works in you both to will and to work, for his good pleasure. Do all things without murmurings and disputes, that you may become blameless and harmless, children of God without blemish in the midst of a crooked and perverse generation, among whom you are seen as lights in the world, holding up the word of life; that I may have something to boast in the day of Christ, that I didn’t run in vain nor labor in vain. Yes, and if I am poured out on the sacrifice and service of your faith, I rejoice, and rejoice with you all. In the same way, you also rejoice, and rejoice with me.”

Paul had already reminded the people to whom he is writing that Jesus was obedient to God. He was so obedient that He died in order to fulfill God’s will. (2:8) Paul commends the people at Philippi for also being obedient and urges them to continue. What is especially praiseworthy is that they were not only obedient while Paul was present with them but, also, in his absence. The test of true obedience is not what we do while our leaders are looking at us, but what we do when no one is looking. Are we obedient to Christ even when our leaders are not there?

Paul instructs his readers to continue to work out their salvation. (2:12) From this we learn that salvation is an ongoing process. It is not enough to submit to Christ, just once. Salvation depends upon continuing to submit to Him.

When Paul says to work out our salvation with fear and trembling, it should not be supposed that a follower of Christ is fearful about whether he is saved or not. Quite the contrary. As the Apostle John declared, “These things I have written to you who believe in the name of the Son of God, that you may know that you have eternal life…” (1 John 5:13) In view of this, a follower of Christ should have no anxiety about his eternal destiny. Why, then, does Paul write of fear and trembling? Perhaps he means that we should fear anything which would take us away from the path of obedience to Christ. Perhaps the fear Paul writes about is actually a realization of the importance of the task Christ has called us to do and the awesome responsibility which it entails. It may be that Paul is merely encouraging the followers of Christ to remain obedient to Christ in spite of their fears brought on by the opposition which they face. In any case, Paul points out that the follower of Christ is not alone in his struggle. It is God who not only gives the desire to obey but, also, gives the ability to do so.

We normally think of salvation in terms of being set free from the penalty of sin. But it includes much more than this. Paul expresses the desire for his readers to “blameless and harmless (NIV, “pure”), children of God without blemish.” (2:15) How may the follower of Christ adopt the purity of his Lord? Paul says to “do all things without murmurings and disputes” (NIV, “do everything without complaining or arguing.”) (2:14) This points to the fact that the kind of perfection which God desires is not merely outward, but stems from the heart. Complaints and arguments result from hearts which are not fully submitted to Christ. If we wish to become pure, we must allow Christ to cleanse our hearts.

Paul contrasts the followers of Christ to the people among whom they live. While the followers of Christ are in the process of becoming pure, the people around them are crooked and perverse. It is like the difference between light and darkness. As Jesus told His disciples, “You are the light of the world…” (Matthew 5:14) The word Paul uses can mean a lamp or a beacon but, most often, is used for heavenly bodies such as the stars or the sun. The light which shines from the followers of Christ not only gives direction, but dispels darkness and allows people to see. It must be noted, however, that this light is not self-generated. It comes from the ‘word of life.’ (2:16) One of the titles which is given to Jesus is The Word. It is Jesus who gives spiritual life. And so, when Paul refers to the ‘word of life’ he is pointing to Jesus who has given life to His followers. The phrase which Paul uses can be translated either to ‘hold on to the word of life’, or ‘hold out the word of life.’ In either case, Christ’s word, working in and through His followers causes light to shine out to the surrounding darkness.

One of the reasons Paul desired the people to whom he was writing to become pure and blameless was so that he could be assured that his work had not been done in vain. Paul had dedicated his life to spreading the gospel. He wanted his hard work to have meaning. When he viewed the progress the followers of Christ at Philippi were making in their faith, he knew that his work was worth it. He writes that he is being poured out like a drink offering. By saying this, Paul demonstrates the mutual interdependence between himself and Christ’s followers at Philippi. In the Mosaic Law a drink offering was never offered by itself. It was offered as a supplement to the main sacrifice. Paul’s sacrifice rounded out their service. His struggles and hardships were given meaning and worth by the sacrifices they had already made. Both were needed to make a complete offering to God. Just as their mutual sacrifices made a complete offering, it also enabled them to share their joy.

If we truly love someone, we are not only willing to endure trouble on their behalf but even count it a privilege. We are happy to trouble ourselves for those we love. Human relationships often disappoint because our love is not reciprocated. Jesus, however, never disappoints. In his inspired letter to the Philippians the Apostle Paul points out that it is a privilege to suffer for Christ. (1:29) Why do the follows of Jesus feel this way? Why are they willing to suffer for Him? Paul gives four reasons in the first 2 verses of chapter 2. He writes, “ If there is therefore any exhortation in Christ, if any consolation of love, if any fellowship of the Spirit, if any tender mercies and compassion, make my joy full, by being like-minded, having the same love, being of one accord, of one mind;”

One of the blessings of being in Christ which Paul mentions is consolation. No one else can heal our spiritual wounds. Jesus said, “Come to me, all you who labor and are heavily burdened, and I will give you rest. Take my yoke upon you, and learn from me, for I am gentle and lowly in heart; and you will find rest for your souls.” (Matthew 11:28-29) Another blessing is that Christ’s love gives exhortation (NIV, encouragement). Just knowing that someone loves us can give us the strength to overcome great difficulties. A third blessing is the fellowship of the Spirit. In Jesus, we are brought into a community. We are no longer alone. We can not only share our thoughts and desires with God’s Spirit, but also with our fellow believers. A fourth blessing which the followers of Christ receive is tenderness and compassion. Not only do we experience Christ’s compassion for us, our compassion and tenderness for others is increased as well.

In view of these blessings Paul asks the people to whom he is writing to make his joy full or complete. In chapter one he had already said that he was rejoicing because the gospel was being preached and because he knew that he would be delivered from prison. His joy will not be complete, however, until he sees additional spiritual growth in the people to whom he is writing. It is not enough to merely wear the name of Christ. The followers of Christ should also be united. Paul writes that they should be like-minded, having the same love, in one accord and one in thought. How can this type of unity be achieved? In verses 3 and 4 Paul writes, “…doing nothing through rivalry or through conceit, but in humility, each counting others better than himself; each of you not just looking to his own things, but each of you also to the things of others.” Unity will be the natural result when the followers of Christ stop thinking about themselves and give priority to their fellow believers. In short, the followers of Christ need to become like Christ.

How can we imitate someone unless we know them? Perhaps for this reason Paul reminds us of who Jesus is and what He is like in verses 5 through 11: “Have this in your mind, which was also in Christ Jesus, who, existing in the form of God, didn’t consider equality with God a thing to be grasped, but emptied himself, taking the form of a servant, being made in the likeness of men. And being found in human form, he humbled himself, becoming obedient to death, yes, the death of the cross. Therefore God also highly exalted him, and gave to him the name which is above every name; that at the name of Jesus every knee should bow, of those in heaven, those on earth, and those under the earth, and that every tongue should confess that Jesus Christ is Lord, to the glory of God the Father.”

In this passage we learn several important things about Jesus. One is that before coming to earth, Jesus shared God’s nature. The followers of Jesus are often accused of making Him equal with God. But this is not correct. The truth of the matter is that Jesus is one with God from the beginning. Jesus Himself said, “I and the Father are one.” (John 10:30) Another thing which we learn about Jesus is that He gave up His position with God in order to come to earth. It can be said that in Jesus, God came down to our level. Jesus emptied Himself in order to take on the form of a human being. Jesus not only became a man, He adopted the role of a servant. He said, “…the Son of Man also came not to be served, but to serve, and to give his life as a ransom for many.” (Mark 10:45) With Jesus, service was not merely words, He served by giving His very life. Jesus not only served, but He humbled Himself. No one ever accused Him of being proud. Though He is a king, yet he was willing to associate with the poor and the outcasts of society. He touched the lepers and the blind and welcomed little children. He did not shrink from talking and eating with tax collectors and prostitutes. Jesus was also obedient. He never sought to do His own will, but was always concerned about doing the will of His heavenly Father. He said, “For I have come down from heaven, not to do my own will, but the will of him who sent me.” (John 6:38) He was willing to obey even when it meant dying a horrible death in order to fulfill God’s plan for redeeming mankind from sin. The night before He was crucified He prayed, “…Father, if you are willing, remove this cup from me. Nevertheless, not my will, but yours, be done.” (Luke 22:42) In order to obey God’s will, Jesus gave up the life He had with God from eternity and accepted death. If we are to be like Jesus then, we too, must serve with genuine humility and obedience as He did.

What was the result of Jesus’ obedience? Because Jesus gave His all, God not only made Him great, but made Him greater than all. Paul writes in another place, “For he must reign until he has put all his enemies under his feet. The last enemy that will be abolished is death. For, “He put all things in subjection under his feet.” But when he says, “All things are put in subjection,” it is evident that he is excepted who subjected all things to him. When all things have been subjected to him, then the Son will also himself be subjected to him who subjected all things to him, that God may be all in all.” (1 Corinthians 15:25-28)

God has not only given Jesus the highest place, but has also given Him the highest name. This highest name is ‘Lord.’ By right this name belongs only to God. God has given His own name to Jesus. Some think that by calling Jesus ‘Lord’ we take away from God’s glory. But this is not so. As Paul points out, we actually give glory to God when we confess that Jesus Christ is Lord. When we call Jesus ‘Lord’ we are expressing our agreement with what God has done. When we do not acknowledge Jesus as Lord, we are disagreeing with God. All of us need to ask ourselves the question: “Have I accepted Jesus Christ my Lord?” One day every knee will bow before Jesus’ Name. It is better to freely confess Him as Lord now than to be forced to do so later.

Even though he is writing from a prison cell, the Apostle Paul tells the followers of Christ at Philippi that he has much in which to rejoice. In chapter 1, verses 18-26 he writes, “…I rejoice in this, yes, and will rejoice. For I know that this will turn out to my salvation, through your supplication and the supply of the Spirit of Jesus Christ, according to my earnest expectation and hope, that I will in no way be disappointed, but with all boldness, as always, now also Christ will be magnified in my body, whether by life, or by death. For to me to live is Christ, and to die is gain. But if I live on in the flesh, this will bring fruit from my work; yet I don’t know what I will choose. But I am in a dilemma between the two, having the desire to depart and be with Christ, which is far better. Yet, to remain in the flesh is more needful for your sake. Having this confidence, I know that I will remain, yes, and remain with you all, for your progress and joy in the faith, that your rejoicing may abound in Christ Jesus in me through my presence with you again.”

One of the things for which Paul rejoices are the prayers which have been offered on his behalf. There are many concepts of prayer. Some people think that a prayer consists of ritual phrases which are said to extol God’s glory or to ask for His mercy. Others regard prayer as a duty or a work which will earn merit. For the follower of Christ, prayer is a conversation between a child and his loving heavenly Father. An aspect of prayer which we often overlook is its effect upon other people. The Apostle Paul was encouraged because he knew that people were praying for him. As a result, he was able to rejoice and praise God. Do my prayers encourage other people? Are they able to rejoice as a result of my prayers?

Another thing in which Paul rejoices is the help given by the Spirit of Christ. Jesus told His disciples, “…they will lay their hands on you and will persecute you, delivering you up to synagogues and prisons, bringing you before kings and governors for my name’s sake. It will turn out as a testimony for you. Settle it therefore in your hearts not to meditate beforehand how to answer, for I will give you a mouth and wisdom which all your adversaries will not be able to withstand or to contradict.” (Luke 21:12-15)

Paul writes that he knows that what has happened will result in his salvation. But the word he uses can be taken two ways. Does he mean that he we be delivered from prison, or does he mean that he will gain final victory over sin? Perhaps he means both things. If Paul is convicted of the crimes of which he is accused, he will face the death penalty. If he is acquitted, he will be released. In either case, whether he is released or executed, he will leave his prison behind. If he is executed, he will not only leave his cell but will also leave this world with its sin and temptations and will be with Christ.

This raises an aspect of prayer that is worth considering. When we pray for deliverance from some problem, we usually want God to remove the problem. For example, if we are ill we want healing. If we are in debt, we want money to pay it. God may answer differently than we expect. Instead of removing the problem from us, God may remove us from the problem. In either case, God has answered the prayer. In Paul’s situation, his execution is just as much an answer to the prayers for his release as his being let go.

Paul is not concerned about which way God will answer the prayers on his behalf. On the contrary his concern is that whether he lives or dies, he will not be disappointed (ashamed NIV) and that Christ will be exalted. This brings us to a very important point. What is the purpose of our lives? For Paul it was to exalt Christ. He was willing to accept either life or death as long as it would bring glory to Christ. What is important to us?

Another factor in Paul’s view of his situation was his concern for the people to whom he was writing. He wanted the prayers on his behalf to be answered in the way which would be best for them. Paul realized that people still needed him. He knew that his remaining alive would help people to continue to grow in their faith and their joy in Christ Jesus. (1:25) For this reason Paul was confident that he would be released from prison even though his personal preference was to die and be with Jesus.

Paul reminds his readers, however, that we should not let circumstances determine our conduct. Regardless of the outcome of his trial, the people needed to conduct themselves as true followers of Christ. In verses 27 through 30 he writes: “Only let your way of life be worthy of the Good News of Christ, that, whether I come and see you or am absent, I may hear of your state, that you stand firm in one spirit, with one soul striving for the faith of the Good News; and in nothing frightened by the adversaries, which is for them a proof of destruction, but to you of salvation, and that from God. Because it has been granted to you on behalf of Christ, not only to believe in him, but also to suffer on his behalf, having the same conflict which you saw in me, and now hear is in me.”

What does it mean to conduct oneself “in a manner worthy of the Good News of Christ”? One thing which Paul mentions is to ‘stand firm.’ In the Greek language this is a military term which pictures a guard standing at his post. In other words, as Paul writes elsewhere, the follower of Christ will not allow himself to be “…tossed back and forth and carried about with every wind of doctrine…” (Ephesians 4:14) Instead he will do everything he can in order to defend the message of Jesus Christ. Another thing which Paul emphasizes as conduct worthy of the gospel is unity. We see this in the phrases “in one spirit” and “with one soul” (NIV, “contending as one man”). Here, the word Paul uses refers to a sports team in which all the players cooperate together in order to win the victory.

What is the result when Christ’s followers stand firm in their faith and are united? It enables them to face those who oppose them without fear. When the followers of Christ refuse to be intimidated it is a sign that their opponents will be destroyed while, in contrast, God is with, and will save the Christian.

Paul ends this section by saying that it is a privilege to suffer for Christ. Christ has done so much for us that we should be glad to endure anything for Him. Paul also reminds his readers that what they are going through is not unique, but is the same struggle that he, himself, is going through.

What is it we pray for? Do we ask God for material blessings? Do we ask for health? When we pray for others are these the things we ask God to grant? There is nothing wrong in asking that needs be supplied. Jesus, Himself, taught his disciples to pray, “Give us day by day our daily bread.” (Luke 11:3) But He also taught his disciples to pray, “…Let your will be done, as in heaven, so on earth.” (Matthew 6:10) In harmony with Christ’s teaching, the Apostle Paul gave greater importance to spiritual needs than to physical. After telling the followers of Christ at Philippi that he thanked God for them every time he remembered them he writes, “This I pray, that your love may abound yet more and more in knowledge and all discernment; so that you may approve the things that are excellent; that you may be sincere and without offense to the day of Christ; being filled with the fruits of righteousness, which are through Jesus Christ, to the glory and praise of God” (Philippians 1:9-11)

Paul prays that the love of those to whom he is writing will grow. The kind of love which he mentions is the same kind as God has. This kind of love does not depend on the worthiness of its object. It gives with no thought of receiving anything in return. But this love is not blind. It is an informed love. Paul prays that their love will grow in knowledge. As knowledge increases, so does the need for discernment. It is often quite easy to determine what is good and what is evil. It is more difficult to choose between two good courses of action or to recognize, not only what is good but, what is best.

Another reason that Paul prays for these people to grow in love is that they may be sincere, (pure NIV) and without offense (will not stumble NIV). Love and impurity cannot coexist. Similarly, love protects from error. Love is so powerful and effective that it will preserve those who have it until Christ returns. Several times during Jesus’ ministry He pointed out that whether fruit is good or bad is determined by whether the tree which produced it is good or bad. In the same way the pure and blameless life which stems from love will produce righteous fruit. But we can never produce righteous fruit by ourselves. As Paul says, it can only come through Jesus Christ.

The object of Paul’s prayer is not merely that the people to whom he writing will increase in love, it is that their love will result in glory and praise being given to God. As followers of Christ, this should be our ultimate goal.

Once we accept the premise that the purpose or object of everything is to bring praise to God, we can look at the circumstances of our lives from a different perspective. Instead of being upset about the difficulties and pain we are suffering, we can look at how God may be glorified or praised as a result of our circumstances. In verses 12 through 18 Paul writes, “Now I desire to have you know, brothers, that the things which happened to me have turned out rather to the progress of the Good News; so that it became evident to the whole palace guard, and to all the rest, that my bonds are in Christ; and that most of the brothers in the Lord, being confident through my bonds, are more abundantly bold to speak the word of God without fear. Some indeed preach Christ even out of envy and strife, and some also out of good will. The former insincerely preach Christ from selfish ambition, thinking that they add affliction to my chains; but the latter out of love, knowing that I am appointed for the defense of the Good News. What does it matter? Only that in every way, whether in pretense or in truth, Christ is proclaimed. I rejoice in this, yes, and will rejoice.”

Far from being discouraged by his imprisonment, Paul recognized the good which had been accomplished as a result of it. One of the good things which resulted from Paul’s imprisonment is that the entire palace guard heard the gospel. God wants, not just a select few, but everyone to be saved. But how can people hear about Jesus Christ and the gospel of salvation unless someone tells it to them? In order to tell someone about Christ, it is necessary to go where they are. It is highly probable that Paul would never have had the opportunity to speak to the members of Caesar’s guard and of the palace if he had not been imprisoned. The question is whether we are willing to endure hardship, or even injustice, to give someone the opportunity to learn about Jesus.

Another benefit stemming from Paul’s imprisonment was that others were emboldened to spread the message of Christ more courageously. One would think that Paul’s being arrested for preaching about Christ would make others fearful of sharing the same fate. Instead, the opposite occurred. Perhaps one of the reasons for this is our tendency as human beings to rely too much on our leaders. We tend to let those leaders whom we regard as more gifted or talented than ourselves, do the work. When leaders are taken away, others must step forward to fill the gap if the work is to be done. Then, as they gain experience and realize that they are capable of doing the work, they grow in confidence and courage. In this sense, Paul’s imprisonment was a good thing. It forced others to take responsibility for the health of the church and for the spread of the gospel of Christ. Have we taken responsibility for spreading the gospel?

Why do we preach Christ? Paul mentions two proper motivations for doing so, that is good will and love. Love can motivate in several ways. When we have a high regard for someone, we will also have a high regard for the things which he holds dear. Paul had put his life on the line for the gospel. Those who loved him naturally wanted to see the continuation of his life’s work and that may have been one reason that they, themselves, were emboldened to preach Christ. Love for our fellow man is another reason to preach Christ. If we truly love people we will want to tell them about the salvation and forgiveness of sin which can be theirs through Christ. But the greatest motivation to preach the gospel is love for Christ. He gave His life for us. If we truly love Him will we not want to tell others about Him?

Sadly, not everyone preaches Christ from pure motives. Paul writes that some were preaching out of envy and rivalry. Perhaps they were jealous of the respect and honor with which people regarded Paul. They tried to elevate themselves by tearing Paul down and stirring up trouble for him. What was Paul’s response to this? His only concern was that, regardless of people’s motives, Christ’s message was being preached. This is what it means to serve Christ – to put His interests above our own. Because Christ was being preached, Paul could rejoice in spite of his own suffering.

After greeting the followers of Christ at Philippi, the Apostle Paul continues with a very remarkable statement. In chapter 1, verses three through six of his inspired letter he writes: “I thank my God whenever I remember you, always in every request of mine on behalf of you all making my requests with joy, for your partnership in furtherance of the Good News from the first day until now; being confident of this very thing, that he who began a good work in you will complete it until the day of Jesus Christ.”

Here we learn not only about the people to whom Paul is writing, but about Paul’s heart as well. Of how many people can we say that we thank God every time we remember them? Do we even pray for the people we know, let alone thank God for them? Perhaps it is even more important to ask whether people thank God when they remember us. Do people remember us with pain or bitterness? Does our memory bring disappointment and anger or joy and thankfulness?

Paul gives two reasons for his thankfulness. One is the continuing partnership in the gospel by the followers of Christ at Philippi. Once someone has experienced the grace of God and the forgiveness of sins through Jesus Christ, it is natural that he or she will want to share this good news with others as well. One cannot partake of the love of Christ without wanting others to have the same opportunity.

The second reason Paul expresses for his thankfulness is that God is continuing to work in the lives of Christ’s followers. God does not begin to transform someone and then abandon him without bringing his work to completion. Paul does not specifically say what is the work God is doing, but he does describe it as good. One of God’s characteristics is that He is good. It follows, then, that the work God is doing in Christ’s followers is also good.

God will carry on his work to completion “until the day of Christ Jesus.” Without doubt this is a reference to the day when Jesus Christ will return and mankind will be brought to judgment. Some feel that this indicates that Paul and the followers of Christ at Philippi expected Christ to return in the near future. For example, in chapter 4 and verse 5 of this letter Paul writes, “The Lord is at hand.” Certainly everyone would do well to live their lives as if their deeds would be called into judgment at any time. But it is more likely that Paul is commenting on the nature of the work which God is doing rather than the imminence of Christ’s return. The work of God in the follower of Christ is such that it will continue and endure even after the end of their physical life. Whether the return of Christ is near or far, His followers do not need to fear that day because God’s good work in them will have reached completion. God is perfect. Completion of His work is inherent in His action.

As human beings it is easy for us to let our emotions or feelings run away with us. Often, our feelings are unwarranted by the facts of the situation. But Paul was correct in his feelings of joy and thankfulness for the followers of Christ at Philippi. In verses 7 and 8 he writes, “It is even right for me to think this way on behalf of all of you, because I have you in my heart, because, both in my bonds and in the defense and confirmation of the Good News, you all are partakers with me of grace. For God is my witness, how I long after all of you in the tender mercies of Christ Jesus”

Paul can say that he is right to feel this way about the people to whom he is writing because he has them “in his heart.” One thing we can learn from this is that Paul’s feelings were genuine. There was nothing hypocritical about them. What he says is not flattery but a true reflection of his heart. Are our expressions of joy and thanks for other people truly heart-felt?

Paul was also right to feel this way because the Philippian’s partnership with him in the gospel did not depend on external circumstances. Whether Paul was in prison or not made no difference. It is easy to be involved and enthusiastic when exciting things are happening, but what about when trouble comes? One of the wonderful characteristics of the Philippians was that they were still willing partners with Paul even though he was in prison. Paul writes that they share in God’s grace. It is interesting to note that Paul includes his being in prison in God’s grace. How can this be? How can anyone regard hardship as a favor which has been bestowed on them by God? It is because those who are in Christ know that God will bring good out of every situation. As Paul writes in another place, “We know that all things work together for good for those who love God, to those who are called according to his purpose.” (Romans 8:28) Again he writes, “…in all these things, we are more than conquerors through him who loved us.” (Romans 8:37) Indeed, a few verses further on in this letter to the Philippians, Paul will relate how his imprisonment has turned out for the good. Can we look beyond our current circumstances and see the good which God is accomplishing through them?

Not only imprisonment on behalf of Christ, but the ability to defend and confirm the gospel is given by God’s grace. The book of Acts records, “Therefore they stayed there a long time, speaking boldly in the Lord, who testified to the word of his grace, granting signs and wonders to be done by their hands.” (Acts 14:3) These miraculous works were evidence of Paul’s apostleship and of God’s approval on his ministry. He writes to another church, “Truly the signs of an apostle were worked among you in all patience, in signs and wonders and mighty works.” (2 Corinthians 12:12)

In spite of God’s endorsement of both himself and his ministry, there were some who doubted Paul’s sincerity. He often had to defend his apostleship. It may be that this is the reason why he assures the people at Philippi with an oath before God that he is right in his feelings towards them. He is not lying when he assures his readers that he longs for them. He longs for them because he loves them. But this love is not merely his own. It has its source in the love that God has showed us through Jesus Christ. In another place Paul writes, “But God commends his own love toward us, in that while we were yet sinners, Christ died for us.” (Romans 5:8) It is this kind of sacrificial love which Paul has for the followers of Christ at Philippi, and it is this kind of love that he will urge them to have, further on in this letter.